References

Sustainable Cities

• Energy supply contributes over 70% of global CO₂ emissions (http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v7/n10/full/nclimate3372.html)
• The developed world is now about 80% urban and this is expected to be true for the entire planet by around 2050, with some 2 billion people moving to cities (http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v467/n7318//full/467912a.html)
• 828 million people live in slums today and the number keeps rising (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/cities/)
• The world’s cities occupy just 3 per cent of the Earth’s land, but account for 60-80 per cent of energy consumption and 75 per cent of carbon emissions (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/cities/)

Climate Change

• 2.0–4.9 °C – The likely rise in global temperature by 2100 (http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v7/n9/full/nclimate3352.html)
• From 1901 to 2010, the global average sea level rose by 19 cm as oceans expanded due to warming and ice melted. (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/climate-change-2/)
• Arctic’s sea ice extent has shrunk in every successive decade since 1979, with 1.07 million km² of ice loss every decade (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/climate-change-2/)
• Global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have increased by almost 50 per cent since 1990 (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/climate-change-2/)

Global Health

• 0% - amount of WHO budget set aside for emergency response (Palgrave, 978-3-319-52006-3, (Palgrave, Coordinating Global Health Policy Responses)
• HIV is the leading cause of death for women of reproductive age worldwide (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/health/)
• 85% treatment gap for mental health patients in lower income countries (Palgrave, The Palgrave Handbook of Sociocultural Perspectives on Global Mental Health)
• 22 Million – number of Americans to lose healthcare under draft Senate healthcare bill (according to the non-partisan congressional budget office https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jun/26/senate-republican-healthcare-bill-cbo-score-trump)

Food-Water-Energy Nexus

• Carbon Tracker and Grantham Institute study project that Electric cars of will make up 35% of the market by 2035 (http://www.carbontracker.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Expect-the-Unexpected_CTI_Imperial.pdf)
• More than 30% of wetlands have been lost globally since 1970 (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment)
• 75 per cent of crop diversity has been lost from farmers’ fields, since the 1900s (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment)
• About one in five persons in developing regions lives on less than $1.25 per day (http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment)

Digitally Transformed World

• Within ten years the demand for human labour is projected to fall by an average of 16% in the OECD overall, with the largest impacts in South Korea, China, the USA, Japan, and Germany (Palgrave, Surviving the Machine Age)
• 85 percent of 3,000 executives polled expect AI to result in competitive advantage within five years (https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/artificial-intelligence-the-gap-between-promise-and-practice/)
• 2,500,000,000,000,000,000 bytes of data created globally every day https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/05/21/how-much-data-do-we-create-every-day-the-mind-blowing-stats-everyone-should-read/#49677e5260ba
• $67 billion – the current value of Bitcoin, one of more than 900 cryptocurrencies in use (http://uk.businessinsider.com/cryptocurrency-market-coin-trends-cap-value-2017-9)

All references live and up-to-date at the time of publication.